Creating an individual enterprise is always an ambitious project that requires compliance with all legal formalities, especially if it is planned to enter the international market. One of these formalities is the translation of the name of the company / firm, which will appear in the future in the contracts. There are always difficulties with abbreviations that carry such information as a form of ownership or format of activity. Therefore, the leaders of various private organizations are most often interested in the following question: how exactly will the name of their LLC sound in English?

The meaning of the abbreviation "LLC" and its equivalents in English

The abbreviation "LLC" stands for limited liability company. The equivalent of this form of ownership in English sounds like Limited Liability Company, or in abbreviation LLC. This translation option is more often used in the USA. Great Britain identifies such enterprises as Limited Trade Development or Ltd.

As for the correct writing, it should be borne in mind that for foreign companies, unlike Russian companies, the abbreviation, meaning their legal form, is written after the name of the company, that is, first the name, then the abbreviations - “Loafman” Ltd or “Plasticpack” LLC.

Thus, translating into English the additional name of LLC, you can transliterate as LLC or translate as LLC or Ltd. But here can meet pitfalls.

The best version of the translation of "LLC" into English

If instead of “LLC” we write LLC or LSC, the owner of a domestic organization whose members are responsible for its activities only with a specific part of their investments can have legal problems, and quite serious ones. Do not avoid legal conflicts when translating the abbreviation to Ltd Co or simply Ltd. This is because there is still a slight difference between a foreign Ltd and our LLC. Moreover, not only in terms of organizational and legal format, but also in terms of legal status.

It will not be superfluous to add the fact that the name of the company, just like its abbreviation, will be subject to constant metamorphoses, depending on the country in which it will be presented.

For many entrepreneurs, the main argument that the LLC should be translated into English, without resorting to alliteration, is the experience of foreign firms. By ordering a legal and notarized translation of an abbreviation, enterprises with a similar form of ownership receive the same three O. Here the usual logical thinking works: if a foreign company that has launched its activities in the domestic market may be called LLC, then why our company cannot name itself Ltd?

The difficulty lies in the fact that such a translation option will indicate the country in which the company is registered. Lawyers advise businessmen to translate the abbreviation in accordance with the mood of a foreign partner, although the details should definitely be written in transliteration.

Translation options for the abbreviation "OJSC"

OJSC is usually translated into English as follows: OJSC (abbreviated) or Open Joint Stock Company. Sometimes the word "open" is omitted, and it turns out Joint Stock Company. In addition to this, there are several more options for translating OJSC:

• JSCo (joint stock co.);
• public corporation;
• PLC (Public Limited Company);
• open corporation;
• publicly traded company.

Many translators and just users of the English language at least once in their life had to deal with the problem of translating abbreviations when drawing up legal documents or documents relating to various types of economic activity. Russian abbreviations such as TIN, PSRN, DOW and others are sometimes seriously puzzling even professional translators racking their brains over how these symbols are translated.

What is a TIN?

TINs are usually deciphered as “tax identification number”, but the more correct wording is “individual taxpayer number”. It is she who appears in all official documents.

TIN is a sequence of numbers that is assigned by the state to all individuals (both individuals and legal entities). This code is necessary for the tax service to create and subsequently maintain a single database in which all taxpayers are registered. According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, all able-bodied citizens are required to have a TIN. This also applies to institutions / organizations doing business in the country.

The INN system was previously used exclusively in the tax system, now this individual number accompanies a person in various fields of activity, providing for social, economic and labor relations.

Translation of abbreviation in English

We bring to your attention a list of some of the most common abbreviations.

• BIC (Bank Identification Code) - BIC (Bank Identification Code)
• SAOU (State Autonomous Educational Institution) - State autonomous educational institution
• SRN (State Registration Number) - SRN (State registration number)
• DOU (Preschool educational institution) - Preschool educational institution
• CJSC (Closed Joint-Stock Company) - CJSC (Closed Joint-Stock Company)
• TIN (Taxpayer Identification Number) - ITN (Individual Taxpayer Number) - for individuals and TIN (Taxpayer Identification Number - for legal entities;
• IP (Individual Entrepreneur) - SP (Sole Proprietor - American option) / ST (Sole Trader - English version)
• IFTS (Inspection of the Federal Tax Service) - IFTS (Inspectorate of the Federal Tax Service)
• Consolidated account - Consolidated account
• Corresponding account - Corresponding account
• KPP (Classifier of Industrial Enterprises) - IEC (Industrial Enterprises Classifier)
• OJSC (Open Joint Stock Company) - OJSC (Open Joint-Stock Company)
• PSRN (Primary State Registration Number) - PSRN (Primary State Registration Number)
• OGRNIP (Primary State Registration Number of the Sole Proprietor) - PSRNSP
• OKATO (All-Russian Classifier of Administrative - Territorial Division) - OKATO (All-Russian Classifier of Administrative- Territorial Division)
• OKVED (All-Russian Classifier of Types of Economic Activity) - OKVED (All-Russian Classifier of Types of Economic Activity)
• OKOGU (All-Russian Classifier of Governmental Authorities) - OKOGU (All-Russian Classifier of Governmental Authorities)
• OKONKh (All-Russian Classifier of Economy Branches) - OKONKh (All-Russian Classifier of Economy Branches)
• OKOPF (All-Russian Classifier of Organizational-Legal Forms) - OKOPF (All-Russian Classifier of Organizational-Legal Forms)
• OKPO (All-Russian Classifier of Enterprises and Organizations) - OKPO (All-Russian Classifier of Enterprises and Organizations)
• OKTMO (All-Russian Classifier of Territories of Municipal Units) - OKTMO (All-Russian Classifier of Territories of Municipal Units)
• OKFS (All-Russian Classifier of Forms of Ownership) - OKFS (All-Russian Classifier of Forms of Ownership)
• LLC (Limited Liability Company) - LLC (Limited Liability Company)
• RAS (Russian Academy of Sciences) - RSA (Russian Academy of Science)
• Settlement account (or r / s, in the meaning of “current account”) - Current account (UK) / Checking account (USA)
• RCC (Settlement and Cash Center) - PPC (Payment-Processing Center)
• SNILS (Insurance Number of Individual Ledger Account) - Insurance Number of Individual Ledger Account
• SSOT (Community of experts on labor protection) - Association of Labor Protection Specialists (did not meet in the form of an abbreviation)
• FSUE (Federal State Unitary Enterprise) - FSUE (Federal State Unitary Enterprise)
• Ltd. (Limited) - used in English-speaking countries to indicate limited liability.
• Inc. (Incorporated) - the same as Ltd. is used in America.
• Corp. (Corporation) - a corporation, or rather an enterprise whose authorized capital is divided into shares. Essentially the same as Ltd. and Inc.
• Limited Duration Company (LDC) - A company with a limited duration. The company is created for a certain period, after which it must be liquidated or re-registered.
• Pte. Ltd. (Private Limited) - This form of registration of companies is most often found in Asian countries, for example, Singapore.

№ 1.   In most cases, the abbreviations mentioned in the document are simply transliterated, although it all depends on the context. You can specify the transliterated abbreviation, and in brackets give their interpretation in English.

№ 2 . Most often, abbreviations are transliterated, since there are no analogues in English. The maximum that can be done is to decipher them in brackets. But, for example, in accounting reports, they simply use transliteration, without using decryption.

№ 3. Apparent correspondences in another language are usually erroneous. In Western countries, the concepts present in our language have a completely different meaning. This primarily refers to abbreviations and company names indicating the form of ownership.

№ 4.   There are still some correspondences in abbreviations, however, to avoid confusion, transliteration is used in the design of such serious documentation. There are times when much depends on the context. Translating a document where the TIN is mentioned between cases, you can use the English version of TIN, although you still have to explain what it means. If the balance sheet is transferred, the details of the bank or company info, in this case, initiative (i.e. the invention of new abbreviations) is not welcome. The fact is that those who need our reports in English usually know about the existence of such signs as TIN, OKATO, PSRN, OKPO, etc. Then giving English abbreviations for some concepts and transliterating the rest is unlikely to be correct.

№ 5.   Indeed, there are many problems with the translation of legal and financial designations and terms. Persons who often encounter this kind of practice gradually develop their own style of translation and in the future stick only to it. Often we turn to forums, leaf through online dictionaries, consult with online translators in search of the option we need. However, it is most reliable in this situation to turn to the good old specialized dictionary of legal / economic terms. Here is a list of worthwhile sources that can be found on the Russian market.

Working with various kinds of documentation, translators often wonder how to translate abbreviations of legal forms of various Russian and foreign enterprises. For example, how to translate LLC or PLC into Russian or LLC, OJSC, etc. into foreign languages. As an example, take the name of the organization LLC “Pilot”. The following options are possible:

• LLC Pilot
• OOO Pilot
• Pilot LLC
• Pilot, OOO

That is, three questions arise immediately:

Should we write LLC as an abbreviation for Limited Liability Company, or OOO, since in Russian we usually keep foreign abbreviations and abbreviations of legal forms by simply transliterating them: GmbH, Ltd., PLC., SA, etc.?

Put the abbreviation before the name, as in Russian, or after the name of the organization, as is common in most European and American countries?

1. Should the acronym be separated by a comma from the name?

In our work, we used a systematic approach to achieve understandable logic and maximum uniformity of application practice. Using, for example, LLC as a translation of LLC, in our opinion, introduces some confusion. Firstly, when you see Pilot, LLC, you might mistakenly think that this is a foreign company. Secondly, the LLC does not legislatively comply with the LLC, they are not complete analogues. Therefore, in our opinion, it is better to use transliteration. For instance:

• AO - AO (Joint Stock Company)
• PAO - PAO (Public Joint Stock Company)
• LLC - LLC (Limited Liability Company)
• OJSC - OJSC (Public Joint Stock Company)
• CJSC - ZAO (Private Joint Stock Company) (not used since September 1, 2014)
• ODO - ODO (Supplementary Liability Company) (not used since September 1, 2014)
• etc.

We do the same when translating into Russian foreign legal forms. For instance:

• GmbH - GmbH
• Ltd. - Ltd.
• LLC - LLK
• plc. - plc.
• LP - LP
• SA - SA
• S.p.A. - S.p.A.
• etc.

For the translation of "IP" it is better to use the expression Sole proprietorship or Individual Entrepreneur. There is no established abbreviation or abbreviation in English for this form.

As for the place of writing, since, after all, abroad the most common practice is to write the legal form after the name, then our version in English: Pilot OOO. Use of a comma is left to the discretion of the editors.

Examples of translation of full names of foreign legal entities:

New Century Technology Public Limited Company - Open (public) limited liability company New Century Technology;

FreeTravel Limited Liability Company - FreeTravel Limited Liability Company;

NewLite Corporation - NewLite Corporation.

In conclusion, you can ask, what about OJSC (Open Joint Stock Company), CJSC (Closed Joint Stock Company) or just JSC (Joint Stock Company)? Especially since 15 years ago almost only these abbreviations were used in translations. Well, let's say we accept this translation, but how then to distinguish between outdated legal forms of AOOT / AOZT and modern OJSC / CJSC? It’s problematic enough. Therefore, in this case, transliteration is a universal solution. And if clarification is needed somewhere, then it can already be indicated in it that “ZAO means a closed joint stock company”.

It is appropriate to note that the terms “Open Joint Stock Company” and “Closed Joint Stock Company” are also likely to require clarification, as these are general types of organizations, the content of which varies greatly in different countries.

For example, there is such a definition: “Closed Joint Stock Company - A closed joint stock company is company or corporation where there is a limited number of shareholders that can have stock in the company or corporation. In these companies and corporations, investors receive stocks or shares in the company or corporation, but they can be transferred and also can elect a board of directors, but since these are joint, they are held accountable for all the company or corporation "s debts and obligations. In the United States, joint liability companies and corporations cannot hold real property titles. In the United Kingdom, the liability of the owners is limited to the value of the stocks or shares they hold. "

As another example: “There are two types of joint stock company in Oman: a closed joint stock company (SAOC) and a general joint stock company (SAOG). "Only a general (or public) joint stock company may offer its shares to the public and trade those shares on the Muscat Securities Market."

Joint-stock company - joint stock company

Collocations with the word Joint Stock Company

• closed joint stock company - closed joint stock company
• open joint stock company - public joint stock company
• volgograd Open Joint Stock Company - Volgograd JSC
• closed joint stock company - closed joint stock company
• open joint stock company - open joint stock company
• open Joint-Stock Company “Unified Electronic Marketplace” - JSC “Unified electronic marketplace”
• open stock venture for special machinery and metallurgy
• public joint stock company - public joint stock company
• russian joint stock company - Russian joint stock company
• UES of Russia, Russian Open Joint-Stock Company of Energy and Electrification - OAO RAO UES of Russia
• insurance joint stock company - insurance joint-stock company
• limited liability joint-stock company

English expressions with translation on the subject of joint stock company

• Many joint-stock companies do not pay dividends, but their shares values \u200b\u200bmay increase several-fold. - Many joint-stock companies do not pay dividends, but at the same time, the value of their shares may increase several times.
• A share is a security issued by a company. It grants its holder with the rights to participate in the joint-stock company management and to receive dividends on the share. - A share is a security issued by a company that grants its holder the right to participate in the management of the joint-stock company and the right to receive part of the profit.
• “The National Depository Center” (Closed Joint Stock Company) is an ANNA member since 1999. - The National Depository Center is a member of the Association of National Numbering Agencies since 1999.
• CJSC FORUS Bank (Closed Joint-Stock Company “Fora - Opportunity Russian Bank”) is a bank for crediting micro and small businesses. - CJSC FORUS Bank (Closed Joint Stock Company Fora - Opportunity Russian Bank) - a lending bank for micro and small businesses.
• As at 1 January 2011, only the closed joint stock company Erbyek is engaged in reindeer herding and maintains 22 reindeers. - As of January 1, 2011, only Erbyek Closed Joint-Stock Company is engaged in reindeer husbandry, containing 22 deer.
• In September, 2005, the bank was renamed into a Closed Joint Stock Company. - In September 2005, the bank was renamed as a closed joint-stock company.

Translation of abbreviations into English

• OJSC (Open Joint Stock Company) - OJSC (Open Joint Stock Company)
• LLC (Limited Liability Company) - LLC (Limited Liability Company)
• TIN (Tax Identification Number) - ITN (Individual Taxpayer Number)
• BIC (Bank Identification Code) - BIC (Bank Identification Code)
• OKATO (All-Russian Classifier of Administrative-Territorial Division) - OKATO (All-Russian Classifier of Administrative- Territorial Division)
• OKVED (All-Russian Classifier of Types of Economic Activity) - OKVED (All-Russian Classifier of Types of Economic Activity)
• OKOGU (All-Russian Classifier of Govermental Authorities) - OKOGU (All-Russian Classifier of Govenmental Authorities)
• OKONKh (All-Russian Classifier of Branches of the National Economy) - OKONKh (All-
• Russian Classifier of Economy Branches
• OKOPF (All-Russian Classifier of Organizational-Legal Forms) - OKOPF (All-Russian Classifier of Organizational-Legal Forms)
• OKPO (All-Russian Classifier of Enterprises and Organizations) - OKPO (All-Russian Classifier of Enterprises and Organizations)
• OKTMO (All-Russian Classifier of Territories of Municipal Units) - OKTMO (All-Russian Classifier of Territories of Municipal Units)
• OKFS (All-Russian Classifier of Forms of Ownership) - OKFS (All-Russian Classifier of Forms of Ownership)
• PSRN (Primary State Registration Number) - PSRN (Primary State Registration Number)
• IFTS (Inspection of the Federal Tax Service) - IFTS (Inspectorate of the Federal Tax Service)
• RAS (Russian Academy of Sciences) - RSA (Russian Academy of Science)
• Ltd. (Limited) - used in English-speaking countries to indicate limited liability.
• Inc. (Incorporated) - the same as Ltd. is used in America.
• Corp. (Corporation) - a corporation, or rather an enterprise whose authorized capital is divided into shares. Essentially the same as Ltd. and Inc.
• Limited Duration Company (LDC) - A company with a limited duration. The company is created for a certain period, after which it must be liquidated or re-registered.

A company whose authorized capital is divided into a certain number of shares. The participants of the joint-stock company (shareholders) are not liable for its obligations and bear the risk of losses associated with the activities of the company, to the extent of the cost ... ... Administrative law. Reference dictionary

Joint-stock company  - (Joint stock company) - a business company created by agreement between legal entities and individuals by combining their contributions in order to carry out business activities. The authorized capital of the company is divided into ... ... Economics and Mathematics Dictionary

JOINT-STOCK COMPANY  - an enterprise or organization whose authorized capital is divided into a certain number of shares distributed between shareholders. Dictionary of financial terms. Joint-stock company Joint-stock company organizational and legal form of existence and ... ... Financial vocabulary

Joint-stock company  - (English joint stock company) a trading company or other enterprise that is a legal entity based on the pool of capital of legal entities and (or) individuals for joint management ... Encyclopedia of Law

JOINT-STOCK COMPANY  - a business company whose authorized capital is divided into a certain number of shares. Shareholders are liable for the obligations of the company and bear the risk of losses associated with the activities of the company, to the extent of the value of their shares; organ ... ... Economic dictionary

JOINT-STOCK COMPANY  - JOINT-STOCK COMPANY, a type of partnership whose capital is divided into a certain number of shares of equal nominal value. It is recognized as a legal entity and is liable for obligations within the limits of its property. The responsibility of everyone ... Modern Encyclopedia

Joint-stock company  - JOINT STOCK COMPANY, a type of partnership whose capital is divided into a certain number of shares of equal nominal value. It is recognized as a legal entity and is liable for obligations within the limits of its property. The responsibility of everyone ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Joint-stock company  - See Joint Stock Company Dictionary of Business Terms. Akademik.ru. 2001 ... Glossary of Business Terms

JOINT-STOCK COMPANY  - in civil and commercial law, the type of partnership whose authorized capital is divided into a certain number of shares of equal nominal value. It is recognized as a legal entity and is liable for obligations within the limits of its property. ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

JOINT-STOCK COMPANY - according to the civil legislation of the Russian Federation, a company whose authorized capital is divided into a certain number of shares; participants A.O. (shareholders) are not liable for its obligations and bear the risk of losses associated with the activities of the company, within ... ... Law Dictionary

joint-stock company  - A business company created by agreement between legal entities and individuals by combining their contributions in order to carry out business activities. The authorized capital of the company is divided into a certain number of shares. The participants ... ... Technical Translator Reference

Books

• Joint stock company in the conditions of the updated legislation, G.V. Alekseev, A.S. Semenov. The book contains an analysis of the main changes made to the law “On joint-stock companies”, which comes into force on January 1, 2002. However, the authors did not set out to set forth the norms of the current ...
• Joint-stock company. Judicial practice and official explanations, L. Tikhomirova. The collection includes relevant materials of judicial arbitration practice, as well as official recommendations of the RF Ministry of Economic Development and the Department of Tax and Customs Tariff Policy of the Ministry of Finance ...